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#Invasion 1997 full plot summary free#
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How to Set Parental Controls on the Xbox One. Teachers: Find the best edtech tools for your classroom with in-depth expert reviews. Check out new Common Sense Selections for games. 10 tips for getting kids hooked on books. Common Sense Selections for family entertainment. Wolsingham, of course, would have to wait a little longer before he could find the evidence he sought that Mary Queen of Scots was plotting against Elizabeth. Once again, Elizabeth refused to admit that Mary had been plotting against her. All nobles had to sign the Bond of Association which determined that anyone plotting against Elizabeth in the future would be executed.Īgain, as happened following the Ridolfi plot, Parliament and Council believed Mary Queen of Scots should be executed. The Bond of Association was aimed at deterring further plots. The Throckmorton plot was one of the reasons the symbolic Bond of Association was devised in 1584 to protect Elizabeth’s life against all threats from enemies within the realm and without. Wolsingham intensified his surveillance activities of Catholics. The Throckmorton plot further increased the feeling amongst English people that Catholics were becoming the "enemy within". This suggested that the relationships between England and Spain were worsening. Mendoza - the Spanish ambassador - was expelled from England. One important feature of the Throckmorton plot was that both France and Spain were involved - these two countries had long been enemies. He claimed that the plot was not well advanced, mainly because Philip II had not yet provided the finance for the proposed invasion.Īlthough Throckmorton subsequently withdrew his confession (claiming it has been obtained through torture) Throckmorton was convicted of high treason and beheaded in 1584. Under torture, Throckmorton confessed to his role in a plot to overthrow Elizabeth and replace her with Mary Queen of Scots. The papers contained details of the planned French invasion. Wolsingham found out about the plot, but initially did nothing other than keep Throckmorton under surveillance.įollowing his arrest, a search of Throckmorton's house found incriminating papers that implicated both Throckmorton and other Catholic plotters. Throckmorton's activities, particularly regular meetings with the Spanish ambassador Mendoza, arose the suspicion of Sir Francis Wolsingham (Elizabeth's "spymaster"). The Throckmorton plot was essentially foiled by intelligence and surveillance. This was to be achieved through the invasion of a French army, with financial support from France, Philip II of Spain and the Pope. The aim of the plot was the overthrow of Elizabeth and the restoration of Mary Queen of Scots to the throne.
Throckmorton therefore liaised between the two groups. What was the plot?įrancis Throckmorton was a young English Catholic who acted as a go-between or messenger between Mary Queen of Scots and the Catholic noble plotters and the Spanish ambassador and French ambassador. Like the Ridolfi Plot in 1571, this too was thwarted. The Throckmorton Plot involved a plan to encourage a popular uprising amongst English Catholic nobles in the north of England.